<p>The Dawson County Courthouse, built in 1858, is a historic two-story redbrick courthouse building located on Courthouse Square in Dawsonville, Georgia. It was built as a simple 50 ft by 36 ft brick building in 1858. An addition was added in 1958.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>It was renovated in 1989/90.</p><br>
<p>The building is not the current courthouse, which is located several blocks north.</p><br>
<p>The Campbell County Courthouse in Fairburn, Georgia, also known as the Old Campbell County Courthouse, is a Greek Revival brick building that was built in 1871. It was the courthouse for the defunct Campbell County, Georgia, until it merged into Fulton County in 1932.</p><br>
<p>It is significant in part for being a very late example of 19th-century high classical style in Georgia, as it was built just six years after the American Civil War. During that period there was little construction at all, and continuing construction followed eclectic styles rather than the "purely classical forms" executed in this courthouse&#39;s design.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1976.</p><br>
<p>The Cedarburg Mill is a former gristmill in Cedarburg, Wisconsin that is listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places. Located the on Cedar Creek, the building was constructed in 1855 by Frederick Hilgen and William Schroeder to replace a smaller wooden mill from the 1840s. At the time of its construction, the five-story structure was the tallest building in Cedarburg.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>In 1844, Frederick Hilgen and William Schroeder built a wooden gristmill on the west bank of Cedar Creek in what would become the City of Cedarburg. By the 1850s, the millers needed a new structure to expand their business, and they employed Burchard Weber to design and build a new, stone mill. The east wing of the building was built first, followed by the main building, which employed a large earthen ramp to move locally quarried stone to higher levels. In 1855, Weber completed the five-story building, which cost $22,000. The new mill could produce 120 barrels of flour each day, which Hilgen and Schroeder sold at a store across the street. Other 19th century mills on Cedar Creek included the 1864 Hilgen and Wittenburg Woolen Mill and the 1871 Excelsior Mill.</p><br>
<p>During Wisconsins "Great Indian Scare" of September 1862, the mill was used as a makeshift fortress by some residents in response to rumors of a Native American uprising in the state. 30,000 men were out of state, serving in the American Civil War, and would not be able to respond to such an uprising inflating residents fears. The rumors were ultimately false, however the rumor caused mass hysteria in states population.</p><br>
<p>In 1881, Cedar Creek experienced severe spring flooding, and the Cedarburg Mills dam was the only dam to survive the year. In 1882, John Grundke bought the building. In 1901, Grundke sold the mill to Christian, Louis, and William Ruck. In 1913, Christians son Louis Ruck bought out the other family members and became the sole proprietor. The milldam and pond still bear the Ruck name. In January, 1930, Louis Ruck sold the mill to the Cedarburg Supply Company, which converted the structure from hydropower to electric power and still owns the property, though it is now known as Landmark Supply Company. In 1974, the mill building was added to the National Register of Historic Places.</p><br>
<h2>Pollution and EPA Superfund site</h2><br>
<p>From the 1950s through the early 1970s, the City of Cedarburgs sewers carried waste oil containing PCBs from the local Mercury Marine plant to the Cedarburg Mills millpond. The contamination also spread downstream to Cedar Creek&#39;s confluence with the Milwaukee River. Cedar Creek became an EPA Superfund clean-up site in 1994, and the millpond was dredged to remove contaminated sediments. In 2016, additional PCB remediation was completed in the mill race.</p><br>
<p>The Edgar and Lucy Henriques House at 20 Old Pali Place in Honolulu, Hawaii was built in 1904 for the Henriques couple, who had married in 1898.</p><br>
<p>Edgar Henriques was a businessman who had arrived in Hawaii from New York City in 1896. Lucy was of high-born Hawaiian alii heritage, descended from Isaac Davis, a British seaman who served as advisor to Kamehameha I in dealing with foreigners and in conquering the other islands. Lucy&#39;s aunt, Lucy Kaopaulu Peabody, built the house for the couple and also lived there herself until her death in 1928. It stands as one of the best-preserved and few surviving examples of a grand "kamaaina" dwelling from the end of the 19th century, with a covered porte-cochere and wraparound lānai; a splendid, wide-open interior; and large doors and windows that could easily be opened to tropical breezes. Its architect was Thomas Gill, father of Thomas P. Gill, and it was listed on the Hawaii and National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Lucy Kalanikumaikiekie Henriques was active in the Daughters of Hawaii, the Hawaiian Historical Society (HHS), and the Kaahumanu Society. Her husband Edgar was a prominent member of the business community and also active in the HHS, publishing occasional studies on traditional Hawaiian history and culture. Edgar and Lucy had a large collection of Hawaiian cultural artifacts, which are now in the Bernice P. Bishop Museum.</p><br>
<p>In 1932, Lucy Henriques willed land and a trust fund to establish a medical facility at Mahahikilua in Kamuela, Hawaii. After many delays, the Lucy Henriques Medical Center finally opened in 1977, eventually merging with North Hawaii Community Hospital in 1999.</p><br>
<p>The Painted Rock Petroglyph Site is a collection of hundreds of ancient petroglyphs near the town of Theba, Arizona, United States, listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977. The site is operated and maintained by the Bureau of Land Management , and includes an improved campground as well as an informative walking trail showcasing the petroglyphs.</p><br>
<p>Prior to 1989, the site was part of Painted Rock State Park, which included camping facilities on the nearby Painted Rock Reservoir, referred to as the "Lake Unit". When the state turned control of the park over to the BLM in 1989, the Lake Unit was closed due to concerns over pollutants in the Gila River and is not maintained by the BLM. Currently, there is no public access to Painted Rock Dam or the Lake Unit.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The Painted Rock Petroglyph Site is located on the eastern edge of the Painted Rock Mountains and about eighteen miles west by northwest of Gila Bend, Arizona. The area is mostly flat and sandy with May-Oct daytime temperatures in the 100s. The annual rainfall is only about six inches and the nearest irrigational water is the Gila River. In prehistoric times the Gila flowed west out of the mountains of western New Mexico, made a big dogleg turn at the town of Gila Bend and continued west to empty into the Colorado River. The Hohokam people once lived and farmed here. Ruins of their late Pioneer Period (AD 350 - AD 550) and Early Colonial Period (AD 550 - AD 700) villages are found to the north and west, and ruins of their Sedentary - Classic Period (AD 900 - AD 1400) villages are found to the south and east.</p><br>
<p>Over forty petroglyph sites have been recorded in the area, however; most of these sites are small with only a few dozen petroglyphs. The Painted Rock Site is the largest known site with about 800 images. The petroglyphs are pecked onto weathered basalt boulders overlaying a granite outcrop. The outcrop is in the form of an east to west orientated oval about 400 long, and about 20 tall with two small knob tops. Most of the petroglyphs are concentrated on the boulders along the eastern edge, but the petroglyphs face in all directions from that edge.</p><br>
<p>Although considered a Hohokam rock art site, Painted Rock is on the extreme western edge of the Hohokam cultural area. East of Painted Rock, petroglyphs take on more typical Hohokam characteristics, while petroglyphs farther west take on more Patayan characteristics. Found here and in nearby areas of the Gila River are petroglyphs of Archaic origin. Painted Rock also bears the inscriptions of historic passers-by. Juan Bautista de Anza passed near here during his 1775-1776 expedition, followed by the Mormon Battalion in the 1840s, the Butterfield Overland Mail, and countless numbers of pioneers. During World War II, General George Patton used this area as headquarters for tank training.</p><br>
<h2>Similar petroglyphs</h2><br>
<p>Fifteen miles up the Gila River in the Gila Bend Mountains there are similar ancient petroglyphs with stick figures with long, wavy headdresses and solid circles in the middle of their bodies. These are not common in other parts of the American Southwest.</p><br>
<p>Hohokam style petroglyphs can be found on Tumamoc Hill and Martinez Hill in Tucson, AZ. This style of petroglyphs consists of an assortment of lines and geometric patterns.</p><br>
<h2>Preservation Efforts</h2><br>
<p>The BLM maintains Painted Rock, paving roads and parking lots, posting informational signs, and maintaining camp sites and eating areas. In the 1990s, the BLM removed a large fence that surrounded Painted Rock and exchanged the fence for signs. Prior to the removal of the fence, people climbed on the rocks, and some rocks were even stolen. The signs seem to be somewhat effective in protecting the site, as there has been less vandalism since 2000, yet vandalism remains on many rocks. If tourism increases, there are concerns that the current management practices will not be enough to continue protecting Painted Rock.</p><br>
<p>The rocks experience natural weathering, and vandalism and tourism accelerate this natural process. Lichen are luckily not an issue for these rocks because of the hot and arid climate in Arizona. Calcium carbonate does not affect the petroglyphs, although it has been found at the base of some rocks below the petroglyphs. It is suspected that the presence of calcium carbonate at the base of some rocks is caused by erosion from foot traffic in the site. In greater quantities, calcium carbonate would increase weathering and cause deterioration. While other sites are greatly affected by lichen and calcium carbonate, the weathering at this site is mainly a result of wind and water.</p><br>
<p>Archaeology Southwest is a nonprofit organization in Tucson, AZ that works on conservation projects. This organization is working toward turning the Great Gila River Bend into a national monument. One of the reasons for wanting to turn the area into a national monument is researchers&#39; desire to fully survey and inventory the region. Exact locations of sites and landmarks need to be mapped, and this should be completed soon because Phoenix is expanding. Continued population increase will put the petroglyphs at risk of destruction and vandalism.</p><br>
<p>The cliff side of the Great Bend provides natural protection to its petroglyphs because of its stable, basaltic composition. It is well-sheltered and difficult to access, which aid in preserving the petroglyphs, but it is open to the public. The site is currently classified as an "Area of Critical Environmental Concern" indicating that more protection needs to be established in order for the petroglyphs to be properly maintained.</p><br>
<p>The Jay Em Historic District comprises the abandoned center of the village of Jay Em, Wyoming. The town was planned and established by Lake Harris between 1912 and 1915 as a service town supporting ranchers in the surrounding area. The place was recognized as a town in 1915 when a post office was established. Tours of the site are available by appointment.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Jay Em is located on the old Texas Trail, running north–south through Goshen County, and featured the last watering hole before reaching Lusk. The land around the watering hole was claimed by Jim Moore in the 1860s. By 1869, Moore had the second largest cattle ranch in the Wyoming Territory, under the brand "J Rolling M", leading to the naming of a small drainage "Jay Em Creek". Moore died in 1875, but his brand outlived him. In 1905, Silas Harris and his three sons took over the Jay Em Cattle Company. One of his sons, Lake Harris, established a post office in the Jay Em Ranch&#39;s bunkhouse, bringing the mail from Rawhide Buttes. The Harris family also established a general store on the ranch.</p><br>
<p>Lake Harris filed a homestead claim in 1912 on Rawhide Creek, where he planned and built a small town. He first built his own house, then a feed store, which housed the post office from 1915. The Harris general store moved into Jay Em in 1918, and Harris built a lumber and general supply store shortly after. A newspaper, the weekly Jay Em Sentinel and Fort Laramie News (circulation 300), inevitably edited by Lake Harris, ran from 1917 to 1921. The Farmers State Bank was built in Jay Em in 1920. The town continued through the 1920s and 1930s as a regional center for commerce in northern Goshen County. In 1935, Lake Harris established the Jay Em Stone Company, making tombstones and building products from stone quarried around the Rawhide Buttes. After the 1930s, Jay Em declined as the automobile made it easier for local residents to travel to larger towns. The general store lasted until the late 1970s. Lake Harris died in 1983 at the age of 96. The few remaining residents of Jay Em have moved to more modern accommodations scattered around the edge of town, leaving the center vacant.</p><br>
<h2>Contributing structures</h2><br>
<p>Restaurant-Feed Store-Post Office-General Store: The multi-purpose building consists of two 2½ story gambrel-roofed frame buildings connected by a single story flat-roofed link.</p><br>
<p>Lumber Yard: The lumber yard building features a 2½ story false fronted building backed by a warehouse with a courtyard between. The sales building is of concrete block, while the warehouse is mostly wood frame.</p><br>
<p>Stone company: A brick gabled building with shed roofed wings to either side. The front is distinguished by fifteen windows with concrete surrounds and ornamented lintels.</p><br>
<p>Bank: A small one story frame building with a low corniced facade.</p><br>
<p>Gas Station: A one-story wood-frame building with the front gable overhanging to create a sheltered drive-through.</p><br>
<p>Repair garage: A one-story building with a stepped false front, ornamented by globe finials.</p><br>
<p>House: A one-story frame house on a concrete block foundation.</p><br>
<p>Water tower: A deteriorated structure now 60 ft tall, its tank missing.</p><br>
<p>Lake Harris House: An irregularly massed one and two story frame house. The house was built over the original dugout, with an "owl wall" still in evidence.</p><br>
<p>The Jay Em Historic District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.</p><br>
<p>Saint Anthonys Hospital is a historic hospital building at 202 East Green Street in Morrilton, Arkansas. Built in 1935 to a design by A. N. McAninch, it is an Art Deco building, finished in brick and stone. It served as the local hospital until 1970, and is now a senior living facility. It is Morriltons best example of Art Deco architecture. It has two splayed wings, with a central projecting entry pavilion.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.</p><br>
<p>The Dortch Plantation, also known as the William P. Dortch House or the Marlsgate Plantation, is an historic house near Scott, Arkansas. Dortch House is the only plantation home in Arkansas that is fully furnished in the antebellum period style and available for tours and private events.</p><br>
<p>The house and parts of the plantation were listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1975. The NRHP listing was increased in 1979 to cover additional building(s) dating from 1888.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The original plantation property, totaling 1,600 acres, was a wedding gift to Mr. and Mrs. Dortch by Mrs. Dortch&#39;s parents, Thomas and Elizabeth Steele. The first house on the Dortch Plantation was built by the Dortches in 1888.</p><br>
<p>The Dortch Planation eventually expanded to over 7,000 acres with cotton, rice, corn and soy beans under cultivation. Upon the death of her husband Mrs. Dortch divided the property equally among her five sons.</p><br>
<h2>Dortch Family</h2><br>
<p>The Dortch family was originally from North Carolina. Their westward movement began in 1838 when Willis Reeves Dortch first moved to Williamson County, Tennessee, where married Elizabeth Womack Stone and began his slave-based farm. The couple had three children. After the death of Willis Reeves Dortch in 1858, his wife and children moved to Lonoke County, Arkansas. William P. Dortch was 12 years old at this time. Eventually, William would enlist in the Confederate army, serving in Andersons Battalion in Little Rock, Arkansas. Post-Civil War, he attended Miami University in Ohio and married Alice Orr, before returning to Arkansas. His only son, Frederick W. Dortch, was born before his wifes death in 1874. On January 15, 1885, widower William married Nettie Steele, daughter of Pulaski County&#39;s largest landowner, Thomas William Steele. As a wedding gift to his daughter, Mr. Steele gifted an 1,800-acre plantation adjoining the existing Dortch property. The newlyweds moved into their new home and had five sons by 1895. By 1922, the Dortch family and their farming prowess was known well enough to be featured in an article in the Arkansas Democrat issue published on September 10, 1922. The home stayed within the Dortch family for over 100 years.</p><br>
<h2>Dortch House</h2><br>
<p>Built in 1904, the Dortch House was designed by Arkansas architect Charles L. Thompson. It was described as one of the finest private residences in Arkansas. The Dortch House has a Neoclassical, Greek Revival design. It features 30 rooms in a total of eleven thousand square feet of living space.</p><br>
<p>On the front portico facing Bearskin Lake, doric columns rise over forty feet in height. The interior features a dramatic double staircase, original beveled glass windows, sliding oak pocket doors, handcrafted woodwork and Carrara marble fireplaces.</p><br>
<h2>Plantation gardens and other buildings</h2><br>
<p>The Dortch plantation complex includes four distinct gardens designed by the Arkansas garden designer P. Allen Smith. Several outbuildings date to the original 1888 farmstead including the carriage house, a well house, a smoke house, stable house, and a pole barn, all of which are included in the National Register designation. The guest house at Dortch is modeled on Farmington Historic Home built in Louisville, Kentucky in 1812 and designed by Thomas Jefferson.</p><br>
<h2>Bearskin lake</h2><br>
<p>The Dortch plantation is situated on Bearskin Lake, an oxbow lake that was originally a channel of the Arkansas River. Located along the Mississippi Flyway, the lake wildlife habitat features a broad range of wildlife including migratory waterfowl, a nesting pair of bald eagles and freshwater fish.</p><br>
<p>The banks of Bearskin Lake also served as an camping ground for Arkansas&#39; Native American cultures, most notably the Plum Bayou Culture (A.D. 650 to 1050) known for constructing Toltec Mounds near Scott. Artifacts collected from the surface of Native American sites by the Dortch and Burrow family members were donated to the Toltec museum in the 1970s and are on display there.</p><br>
<p>Dortch Plantation, 2 of 5.JPGSmall shed at Dortch Plantation</p><br>
<p>Dortch Plantation, 3 of 5.JPGOutbuilding at Dortch Plantation</p><br>
<p>Dortch Plantation, 4 of 5.JPGBarn at Dortch Plantation</p><br>
<p>The Hale Avenue Historic District encompasses a significant portion of the central business district of Osceola, Arkansas. It extends for five blocks along Hale Avenue, between Ash and Maple Streets, and includes a few buildings on adjacent streets. The focal point of the district is the Mississippi County Courthouse, and the block of buildings opposite it on Hale Avenue. Although Osceola was founded in 1875, it was relocated beginning in 1900 to be closer to the railroad, with Hale Avenue as the major east–west route. This began a period of growth in the city which continued through much of the 1920s. Most of buildings on these blocks of Hale Avenue result from this time, and a number of those built later were built in an architecturally sympathetic manner.</p><br>
<p>When first listed on the National Register of Historic Places, the district included just six buildings on the 200 block of West Hale Avenue. This was expanded to include three buildings on the 100 block of West Hale, and then enlarged to its present size in 2008. This expanded district includes six properties that were individually listed.</p><br>
<p>The Lemon Wond Holt House at 3704 Anuhea Street in Honolulu, Hawaii, belonged to Lemon Wond Holt, nicknamed “Rusty” , one of the last surviving local-born members of the “Stonewall Gang” who frequented Waikiki Beach during the early 1900s.</p><br>
<p>Architecturally, the house is significant as one of the first examples of a "modestly detailed, fantasy picturesque style residence" built in Hawaii during the late 1920s and early 1930s. It is entirely typical for that period&mdash;in its materials, methods, craftsmanship, and design&mdash;and is one of only a dozen or so such homes that still survive in Honolulu.</p><br>
<p>The Spring Valley Public Library is a library in Spring Valley, Minnesota. It is a member of Southeastern Libraries Cooperating, the SE Minnesota library region.</p><br>
<p>The building, an example of Beaux Arts Classicism, is listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It is a single-story brick building on a raised Kasota stone basement. It was completed in 1904 with funding from an $8,000 Carnegie grant.</p><br>
<p>Magnolia Cemetery is a historic rural cemetery in Charleston, South Carolina. The first board for the cemetery was assembled in 1849. Edward C. Jones served as the architect. It was dedicated in 1850; Charles Fraser delivered the dedication address. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places as a Historic District in 1978.</p><br>
<p>The location of the cemetery had previously been a plantation known as Magnolia Umbra, the house of which was described as a newly built house with five rooms in 1820. The cemetery was constructed during 1850, on plans laid out by Edward C. Jones, and included a Gothic chapel also designed by Jones which no longer exists. The chapel, which was located near the central lake, remained under construction until early 1851. Both the chapel and the porters lodge sustained very heavy damage during the cemeterys occupation by federal forces during the Civil War. The porter&#39;s lodge at the entrance was demolished in 1868, but the chapel continued to be used until at least 1876.</p><br>
<p>According to a 1909 newspaper account, "There is a rule in Charleston that colored people shall not be allowed to parade through Magnolia cemetery, the principal burying place of the white citizens," and this exclusion policy was enforced regardless of social status, such as in the case of Dr. Crum being prohibited from driving through the cemetery.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>William Aiken, Jr. (1806–1887), US Congressman, South Carolina Governor</p><br>
<p>John Bennett (1865–1956), author and illustrator</p><br>
<p>Thomas Bennett, Jr. (1781–1865), Governor of South Carolina</p><br>
<p>William H. Brawley (1841–1916), USA Representative from South Carolina and United States federal judge</p><br>
<p>Sallie F. Chapin (1830–1896), organized the Charleston Woman&#39;s Christian Temperance Union in 1881, the first in the state and served as first State president in 1883</p><br>
<p>Langdon Cheves (1776–1857), American politician and a president of the Second Bank of the United States</p><br>
<p>James Conner (general) (1829–1883), Confederate general in the American Civil War</p><br>
<p>George E. Dixon (1837–1864), Commander of the Confederate submarine H.L. Hunley</p><br>
<p>Frank Bunker Gilbreth, Jr. (1911–2001), author</p><br>
<p>William J. Grayson (1788–1863), USA Representative from South Carolina</p><br>
<p>Wilson Godfrey Harvey (1866–1932), Governor of South Carolina</p><br>
<p>J. C. Hemphill (died 1927), journalist and editor</p><br>
<p>John Edwards Holbrook (1796-1871), Ichthyologist, Herpetologist, and Physician</p><br>
<p>Daniel Elliott Huger (1779–1854), US Senator from South Carolina</p><br>
<p>Horace Lawson Hunley (1823–1863), Confederate marine engineer, developer of early submarines</p><br>
<p>Micah Jenkins (1835–1864), Confederate general</p><br>
<p>Mitchell Campbell King (1815–1901), physician</p><br>
<p>George Swinton Legaré (1869–1913), USA Representative from South Carolina</p><br>
<p>Hugh S. Legaré (1797–1843), 16th USA Attorney General</p><br>
<p>William Turner Logan (1874–1941), USA Representative from South Carolina</p><br>
<p>Andrew Gordon Magrath (1813–1893), South Carolina Governor</p><br>
<p>Burnet Rhett Maybank (1899–1954), US Senator, South Carolina Governor</p><br>
<p>John Darlington Newcomer (1867–1931), American architect</p><br>
<p>Ziba B. Oakes (1807–1871), slave trader</p><br>
<p>Josephine Pinckney (1895–1957), novelist and poet</p><br>
<p>St. Julien Ravenel (1819–1882), physician and chemist</p><br>
<p>Robert Rhett (1869–1913), USA Representative and Senator from South Carolina</p><br>
<p>Roswell S. Ripley (1823–1887), Confederate general</p><br>
<p>William Gilmore Simms (1806–1870), poet, novelist and historian</p><br>
<p>Charles Henry Simonton (1829–1904), Confederate Colonel and federal judge on 4th Circuit Court of Appeals</p><br>
<p>Julius Waties Waring (1880–1968), United States federal judge linked to the American Civil Rights Movement.</p><br>
<p>Richard Smith Whaley (1874–1951), USA Representative from South Carolina</p><br>
<p>British war graves of five Royal Navy and Merchant Navy personnel of World War II.</p><br>
<p>The Cass Farm MPS is a US multiple property submission to the National Register of Historic Places which was approved on December 1, 1997. The structures included are all located in Midtown, in the Cass Farm area in Detroit, Michigan, USA. The Cass Farm area is defined as occupying the space between Woodward Avenue on the east, the Lodge Freeway on the west, Warren Avenue on the north, and Martin Luther King Jr. Boulevard on the south.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>1800 - 1870</h3><br>
<p>The Cass Farm area spans portions of four original plattings. These include the rear portions of three original ribbon farms (the Cass Farm, the Jones/Crane Farm, and the Forsyth Farm), as well as a section of the Park Lots between Woodward and Cass.</p><br>
<p>The Park Lots were originally platted after the disastrous 1805 fire in Detroit. After the fire, the United States Congress authorized the platting of a new village at Detroit. Land titles were granted to settle remaining uncertainty over the ownership of some parcels, which was in part due to the then fairly recent departure of British colonial forces. During this platting, the land on both sides of the main thoroughfare, Woodward Avenue, was set aside, with congress authorizing the platting of the Park Lots. Development of the area, however, only started in the 1860s.</p><br>
<p>Cass Farm ran between what is now Cass Avenue and Third Avenue. In 1816, Lewis Cass purchased the ribbon farm. The property was gradually developed over the years, with the sections closest to the river being developed first. By the time Cass died in 1866, a few of the blocks north of Martin Luther King Boulevard had just been platted. Cass&#39;s children continued to plat the area after his death.</p><br>
<p>The Jones/Crane Farm was located between what is now Third Avenue and the alley east of Fourth Street. De Garmo Jones, onetime mayor of Detroit, received the property in 1823. The rear portion of the ribbon farm changed owners multiple times until Flavius JB Crane purchased it in 1854, when he began platting it.</p><br>
<p>The Forsythe Farm was located between what is now Fourth Street and the Lodge Freeway. John Forsythe purchased the property in 1829; it was later subdivided multiple times, with various owners eventually platting the property.</p><br>
<p>Development of the area was relatively slow. In the early part of the 19th century, residential growth in Detroit occurred primarily east and west of Woodward, along Fort Street and Jefferson Avenue; the areas near Cass Farm were still predominantly rural in nature. Urban development of the area did not really begin until 1870, when the population of Detroit was nearly 80,000. Streetcar lines established in the 1860s allowed residents to more conveniently travel from the Cass Farm area to downtown.</p><br>
<h3>1870 - 1910</h3><br>
<p>The West Canfield Historic District, platted in 1871, was one of the first recorded subdivisions in the area. The district features large and expensive lots, and many prominent Detroiters settled on the block. A severe depression slowed development, but it picked up again in the late 1870s. The period from 1880 to 1895 brought a boom in the construction of elegant single-family and duplex homes in the Cass Farm area. The lots on Woodward were the most expensive and featured the most opulent homes; the lots immediately off the main street were soon filled with the homes of Detroit&#39;s upper class. School and religious buildings were also constructed in the area.</p><br>
<p>As Detroit grew, the demand for apartment housing also grew; beginning in 1895, the construction in the Cass Farm area began to focus more on small apartment buildings. This was particularly true in the last portion of the district to be developed, the section south of Warren between Cass and Third. Here a number of small-scale apartment buildings were constructed around the turn of the 20th century.</p><br>
<h3>1910 - 1940</h3><br>
<p>As the city continued to expand, the character of the neighborhood changed. Even before World War I, the congestion along Woodward precipitated a change from upper-class housing to commercial ventures. The construction of Orchestra Hall heralded a City Beautiful movement that turned much of the area into public-oriented space.</p><br>
<p>The rise of the automobile also changed the area. Cass Farm&#39;s proximity to the automotive plants in the Milwaukee Junction area made it ideal for housing auto workers. During the 1910s and 1920s, larger apartment buildings were constructed in the area, and many remaining single-family homes were converted into boardinghouses. Commercial usage also increased in the area, particularly in automotive-related sectors: showrooms, service stations, and part supply businesses.</p><br>
<h3>1930 - onward</h3><br>
<p>The Great Depression heralded the beginning of a long decline for the Cass Farm area. Newly constructed buildings fell into foreclosure, and many of the formerly well-paid auto workers living in the area were out of work. By the time the industrial recovery from World War II stimulated the economy, industry had relocated to the suburbs, and the economic recovery for the most part passed the area by.</p><br>
<p>In the 1950s, widespread demolition of houses and businesses began, a practice that extended into the 1980s. Wayne State University also began to have more influence in the area, rehabilitating old buildings and building new ones. As the focus shifted to urban rehabilitation in the 1990s, more structures in the area have been refurbished, by Wayne State, other public groups, and by private parties.</p><br>
<h2>Structures in the Cass Farm MPS</h2><br>
<p>There are twelve structures and districts in the Cass Farm MPS; these are shown below. The structures are from all periods of development of the area.</p><br>
<p>These structures represent the range of construction in the Cass Farm area. The earliest structures are in the West Canfield Historic District boundary increase; these structures include both a Victorian private home and two Victorian commercial structures, among the earliest in the neighborhood. The Robert M. and Matilda (Kitch) Grindley House (now unfortunately demolished) was another 19th-century single-family home, dating from the time when the Cass Farm area was still primarily upscale residential.</p><br>
<p>The Warren-Prentis Historic District is primarily a mix of early private homes and small apartment buildings that moved into the neighborhood around the turn of the 20th century. Around the same time, the Sts. Peter and Paul Academy was built to serve the growing population of the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>The Willis-Selden Historic District primarily contains somewhat later structures, demonstrating the mix of small apartments and the commercial buildings that entered the district as the automobile industry grew importance. Another commercial building is the Graybar Electric Company Building. Near the same time, increasing infrastructure requirements made the Detroit Edison Company Willis Avenue Station and the Detroit-Columbia Central Office Building necessary for the neighborhood.</p><br>
<p>Finally, the Cass-Davenport Historic District shows a mix of small apartment buildings and the later, larger apartment buildings that were built in the 1920s, as space in the city became more valuable. Another large apartment building, the Hotel Stevenson, is also included in the MPS, as is the League of Catholic Women Building, built to house the influx of young unmarried women coming to the city. The Chapel of St. Theresa-the Little Flower was also built about this time.</p><br>
<p>Magnolia Cemetery is a historic cemetery located at Greenwood, Greenwood County, South Carolina. It was established in 1871, and is laid out in a regular grid plan. It contains approximately 1,600 to 1,800 graves. Grave markers are primarily granite or marble tablets, obelisks, square, or stepped monuments capped with urns. There also are several Confederate grave markers, some of which still feature cast iron Maltese crosses. A Gothic-influenced granite shelter was added in 1922.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>David Wyatt Aiken (1828–1887), Civil War Confederate Army officer, US Congressman</p><br>
<p>Magnolia Cemetery is a historic cemetery located at Hartsville, Darlington County, South Carolina. It was established in 1917, and is a 23-acre cemetery characterized by narrow and gently curving streets and by landscaping which includes an avenue of cedars lining the entrance drive and magnolias lining the streets which form the historic core of the cemetery. The historic portion, approximately 14.5 acres, includes approximately 2,000 graves dating from about 1920 to the mid-20th century.</p><br>
<p>It was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 1994.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>Louis Norman "Bobo" Newsom (1907–1962), Major League Baseball Player</p><br>
<p>Old Greenwood Cemetery is a historic cemetery located at Greenwood, Greenwood County, South Carolina. Established around the year 1860, the Old Greenwood Cemetery is a historic burial place in the said city. It is significant because of being the oldest cemetery in the area. This being said, it has also become the resting place for many prominent figures in the locale.</p><br>
<p>The Old Greenwood Cemetery was built as a graveyard for the old Main Street Methodist Church. It was laid out in the original site of the said church with an acre and a half of land area. It contains about 350 graves of pioneers and locals.</p><br>
<p>The descendants of the people buried on the Old Greenwood Cemetery mostly take responsibility in caring for the site. They work hard to keep vandals away and maintain the site the best that they can.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 2002.</p><br>
<p>Greenwood Cemetery is a historic cemetery established in 1874, and located at 6571 St. Louis Avenue in Hillsdale, Missouri. This was the first non-denominational commercial cemetery for African-Americans in the St. Louis area.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in February 24, 2004, and the Underground Railroad Network to Freedom in 2024.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>Greenwood Cemetery was established in 1874 by Herman Krueger, it has approximately 6,000 marked graves but is thought to contain up to 50,000 burials.</p><br>
<p>In 1890, the cemetery was sold to Krueger&#39;s son-in-law, Adolph Foelsch; the Foelsch family owned and operated the cemetery, including manufacturing concrete tombstones, until 1981. Those buried at Greenwood include former enslaved people, war veterans, members of fraternal organizations, artists, laborers and middle class African-Americans, as well as a number of famous and prominent African-Americans from St. Louis.</p><br>
<p>Many of the people buried at Greenwood were originally from southern states and had participated in the Great Migration north. Funerals were numerous in Greenwood in the mid-twentieth century, but with desegregation, the cemetery saw a decline in use. In the 1980s it began to go derelict. It permanently closed in the 1990s and continued to stand abandoned for most of a decade. In 1999, the nonprofit group Friends of Greenwood Cemetery, Inc. was formed for the purpose of restoring and preserving the site as a historic park. Eventually the group gained ownership of the cemetery.</p><br>
<p>Volunteers from the Greenwood Cemetery Preservation Association have worked to maintain the grounds and preserve African American history.</p><br>
<p>Other nearby historic African American cemetery include the Washington Park Cemetery (1920), Father Dickson Cemetery (1903), and Quinette Cemetery (1866).</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>Walter Davis (1910–1963), blues musician</p><br>
<p>Lucy A. Delaney (1830-1910), activist, writer, and seamstress</p><br>
<p>Grant Green (1935–1979), jazz musician</p><br>
<p>Harriet Robinson Scott (1815–1876), wife of Dred Scott</p><br>
<p>Lee Shelton (1865–1912; also known as “Stagger” Lee), American folk figure</p><br>
<p>Charlton Tandy (1836–1919), public official, civil rights activist, lawyer, newspaper publisher</p><br>
<p>Slate Hill Burying Ground  is a historic cemetery in Lower Makefield Township, Pennsylvania, with most of its graves dating to 18th century Quaker settlers. It is located at Yardley-Morrisville Road and Mahlon Drive.</p><br>
<p>Established in 1690, it is probably the oldest burial ground in Bucks County. The earliest gravestone is dated 1698, but unmarked graves may be even earlier. The cemetery consists of three sections: the first was given in 1690 by Thomas Janney; the second given in 1721 by Abel Janney; and the last given in 1788 by Joshua Anderson. The Anderson grant created the first public cemetery in Lower Makefield Township. The two earlier sections are known as the Quaker section.</p><br>
<p>The Quaker section has 185 marked graves out of a total of 487, most pre-dating 1800. The public section has 96 marked graves including those of six free African Americans who served in the Union Army during the American Civil War.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>Lobbs Cemetery, a.k.a. Lobbs Run Cemetery, is an historic cemetery that is located in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania. It takes its name from Lobb&#39;s Run, a minor tributary of the Monongahela River, which flows by the entrance to the cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The former Yohogania County Courthouse was once located close to this cemetery. Several of the rebels involved in the Whiskey Rebellion were buried in this cemetery circa 1794.</p><br>
<p>The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1992.</p><br>
<p>There are three bridges carrying Hopyard Road  over several brooks within Devil&#39;s Hopyard State Park in the USA state of Connecticut. The main route of SSR 434 follows the Eightmile River and the bridges cross over its minor tributaries. All three bridges are listed on the National Register of Historic Places . The three bridges are essentially identical masonry arch bridges, 38 ft long, with a roadbed 22 ft wide, and were built using Depression-era federal jobs money. They are good examples of vernacular rustic park architecture.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The state of Connecticut, in developing Devil&#39;s Hopyard State Park in the 1920s, contemplated the construction of SSR 434, but funding of those types of capital projects was suspended in 1930. Funding and work crews from the Civilian Conservation Corps resulted in the grading of 1.5 mi of the road, and the partial construction of one of the three bridges in 1933-35. Funding from the federal Works Progress Administration jobs program was then applied to the project, resulting in the completion of the bridges by the end of 1937. The roadway itself was not completed until several years later. All three bridges were rehabilitated in 1988, capping the arch with concrete and a waterproof membrane before restoring the roadbed.</p><br>
<h2>Bridge data</h2><br>
<p>Lockesburg Waterworks are a water storage and distribution facility at the junction of Hickory and Azalea Streets in Lockesburg, Arkansas. The facility consists of a water tower and three water storage sheds, of which the tower was built in 1936 with funding assistance from the Public Works Administration, a Depression-era works project. The older shed was built in 1945, and the second was built in 1990. The tower is a metal structure with four legs supported and stabilized by cross bracing, with a metal tank at the top which is sheltered by a conical roof. The oldest shed is a modest square brick structure at the center of the complex, while the 1990 shed is located at the southwest corner of the property.</p><br>
<p>The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2007.</p><br>
<p>Chestnut Ridge and Schellsburg Union Church and Cemetery is a historic church and cemetery in Bedford County, Pennsylvania. The church was built by members of the Reformed and Lutheran churches in 1806. It was used by both congregations until 1843, and then by the Reformed congregation until 1853. The first burial in the cemetery was in 1806, while the church was being constructed. Workmen who were roofing the church placed a child named Whetstone in an unmarked grave. Nevertheless, the cemetery was not formally organized until 1860, and did not receive a deed to the land until 1897.</p><br>
<p>The church was originally built of logs and in 1881 covered with weatherboarding. The weatherboarding was removed in 1935, and the church was restored in the early 2000s.</p><br>
<p>The church and cemetery were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2005. The small town of Schellsburg, and the Schellsburg Historic District, which is also listed on the National Register, is about 1/4 mile to the east on USA 30.</p><br>
<p>CHESTNUT RIDGE & SHELLSBURG UNION CHURCH, BEDFORD COUNTY, PA.jpgInterior</p><br>
<p>Chestnut Ridge and Schellsburg Union Church and Cemetery.jpgHAER, 1999</p><br>
<p>OldLogChurchpostcard1920s.jpgPostcard of the church in the 1920s with white weatherboarding</p><br>
<p>Newtown Friends Meetinghouse and Cemetery is a historic Quaker meetinghouse and cemetery in Newtown, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1817, and is a two-story, stuccoed stone building with a gable roof. It measures 60 feet by 40 feet, 6 bays long and 3 bays deep. A one-story porch was added in 1866, and the second floor was added in 1900. Also on the property is a contributing horse shed, built in 1819. Adjacent to the meeting house is a contributing cemetery.</p><br>
<p>The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>Edward Hicks (1780–1849), Quaker minister and American folk artist</p><br>
<p>Michael Hutchinson Jenks (1795–1867), USA Congressman</p><br>
<p>Southampton Baptist Church and Cemetery is a historic Baptist church and cemetery in Southampton, Bucks County, Pennsylvania. It was built in 1772, and substantially enlarged in 1814. It is a two-story, stuccoed stone meeting house style building with a steep gable roof. The property includes the church cemetery, which has burials for 24 veterans of the American Revolution.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.</p><br>
<p>Providence Quaker Cemetery and Chapel, also known as Providence Meeting House, is a historic chapel and cemetery located on Quaker Church Road about 2 miles southwest of Perryopolis, Fayette County, Pennsylvania. The cemetery was used by Quakers, but the chapel is not a Quaker structure. Quakers generally refer to a structure built for worship as a meeting house, rather than as a chapel or church.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>A meeting of the Religious Society of Friends was founded at the site in 1789, and served by a log meeting house until 1793 when a stone building was constructed. John Cope bought 15 acres for the use of the meeting in 1793.</p><br>
<p>There were many early Quaker settlers in this area of southwestern Pennsylvania with nine Quaker meetings founded within 15 miles of Brownsville, which is about 9 miles southwest of this site. Few of these early Quaker structures survive, but several cemeteries are intact.</p><br>
<p>The Quaker population in the area began to decline about 1830, caused by western migration, the "Great Separation" between Hicksite and Orthodox Quakers, and controversy surrounding Quakers during the abolition movement and the Civil War. Between 1850 and 1870 most Quaker meetings in the area were closed, with the Providence Meeting closed in 1870.</p><br>
<p>By 1895 the meeting house was a ruin standing in the middle of an active cemetery. Elma Cope Binns organized the rebuilding of the meeting house into a smaller chapel constructed from the stone of the original building. Fourteen acres of the meeting&#39;s land was sold, leaving one acre for the cemetery.</p><br>
<h2>Architecture</h2><br>
<p>The chapel measures 20 feet by 30 feet. It is built in a simple vernacular style and the stone is roughly coursed. There is no steeple, but a fireplace and chimney were built at the east and west ends. The two windows on both the north and south sides are not glazed, but blocked by iron bars. No door is present in the doorway on the south side.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery contains approximately 500 burials. In the early Quaker tradition, most graves were unmarked. About 50 tombstones are currently standing. The graves generally date from approximately 1790 to 1870, when the meeting house closed, though modern tombstones date as late as 2003. An iron fence surrounds the cemetery, except for a 125-foot section of modern chain link fencing.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>Christ Hamilton United Lutheran Church and Cemetery is a national historic district consisting of a Lutheran / Reformed church and cemetery in Hamilton Township, Monroe County, Pennsylvania. The church was built in 1829, and is a -story, fieldstone building measuring 50 feet by 40 feet. It features a slate roof and rectangular steeple with delicate spire. Church records indicate that the cemetery was laid out in 1775, making it the oldest cemetery in Stroudsburg. The cemetery has 105 limestone headstones inscribed mostly in German. Burials date from 1793 to 1875. Fraktur artist Johann Adam Eyer was a clerk and teacher at the church.</p><br>
<p>The church and cemetery were added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1980.</p><br>
<p>St. Paul&#39;s Union Church and Cemetery, also known as the Old White Church and Cemetery, is a historic church and cemetery located at Union Township, Schuylkill County, Pennsylvania. The church was built in 1842, and is a two-story, wood-frame meeting house style building in a vernacular Federal style. It measures 30 feet, 8 inches, by 40 feet, 4 inches. The church was restored in 1990–1992. The adjacent cemetery includes a number of stone markers in German.</p><br>
<p>It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>The Monongahela Cemetery is an historic rural cemetery in Monongahela, Pennsylvania that was established in 1863. Landscape architects Hare & Hare designed a portion of the property.</p><br>
<h2>History and notable features</h2><br>
<p>The cemetery was listed on the USA National Register of Historic Places in 2001.</p><br>
<p>The cemetery now occupies 160 acres, but only about 100 acres are included in the National Register listing. John Chislett designed the original thirty-two-acre plot in the rural cemetery tradition. Roughly sixty acres were added to the grounds in 1915 and were designed in the lawn park style by Hare & Hare. The five-acre St. Mary&#39;s Cemetery was opened circa 1900 and was incorporated into the 1915 expansion.</p><br>
<h2>Notable interments</h2><br>
<p>Robert Grant Furlong (1886–1973), US Congressman</p><br>
<p>Baptiste "Bap" Manzini (1920–2008), professional football player</p><br>
<p>Armand Niccolai (1911–1988), professional football player</p><br>
<p>The cemetery contains two Commonwealth war graves of World War II, a flight engineer of Royal Air Force Ferry Command and a sapper of the Royal Canadian Engineers.</p><br>
<p>Windsor Castle is a former plantation and now a public park in Smithfield, Virginia, United States. It is located in the Smithfield Historic District.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The plantation dates to a land grant of 1,450 acre by the King of England to Arthur Smith in 1637. Arthur Smith&#39;s great grandson, Arthur Smith IV, established the town of Smithfield in 1750. The first recorded use of the name "Windsor Castle" dates from 1884.</p><br>
<p>In 2005, real estate developer Lewis McMurran obtained an option to purchase Windsor Castle for $2.2 million. The agreement included a historic easement around the manor house. McMurran proposed to build a 445-unit "New Urbanism" development on the property outside the historic easement. The proposal was withdrawn amidst strong opposition from town residents.</p><br>
<p>In 2007, Joseph W. Luter III donated $5 million to the town for the purchase and development of Windsor Castle as a park. Lewis McMurran then executed his option to purchase the property. The town council voted to pursue the use of eminent domain to obtain the property. In 2009, an out-of-court agreement was negotiated for the town to purchase the property outside the historic easement for $3.8 million and for McMurran to donate to the town the property within the historic easement.</p><br>
<p>The manor house and surrounding 208 acre were dedicated as a public park in 2010. The 46 acre immediately surrounding the manor house are protected by a historic easement controlled by the state of Virginia. The park was formally opened during a ceremony officiated by the Virginia Governor Bob McDonnell on May 22, 2010. The park features hiking trails, a dog park, a mountain bike trail, a fishing pier, and a canoe launch. The manor house overlooks the junction of Cypress Creek and the Pagan River. The King of All Places manor house (circa 1806) can be seen across Cypress Creek from the Windsor Castle property.</p><br>
<p>On April 2, 2013, it was reported in the Virginian-Pilot that the Smithfield Town Council has leased five acres at Windsor Castle Park to Smithfield Winery LLC to establish a vineyard for a small-production winery. The vineyard operation was terminated in 2019.</p><br>
<p>Gann Row Historic District is a historic district in Benton, Arkansas. The district includes thirteen residences built for Benton&#39;s middle-class population. Dr. Dewell Gan Sr., purchased most of the land in the district around 1890 and is responsible for building most of the homes. Four Folk Victorian homes in the district were built between 1880 and 1890; Gann renovated these in the 1920s, adding Craftsman details. Gann also built the remaining houses in the district in the 1920s; these were also designed in the Craftsman style. The district is still considered a middle-class residential area; it is bordered on three sides by other working-class housing and to the north by downtown Benton. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places  in 1999.</p><br>
<p>The district includes Gann House and Gann Building, which are separately NRHP-listed.</p><br>
<p>The Warren County Courthouse is a stone building constructed in 1908 in Williamsport, Indiana. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 19, 2008.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>At the first Warren County seat of Warrenton, a log house owned (and occupied) by Enoch Farmer was used for general court and county purposes. When the county seat was moved to Williamsport, a log house belonging to the town&#39;s proprietor, William Harrison, served as the courthouse starting in July 1829. In 1832, plans were made for a new building, and in July of that year the construction bid was won by E. W. Jones and Seth Flowers. The new building was to be made of brick, 40 ft square and 23 ft high, and was to be completed by August 1833; but various problems delayed this until mid-1834. The cost of construction was about $2000. In 1835 the building was strengthened and improved.</p><br>
<p>In 1870 a specially-appointed committee determined that the old building was unsafe, and plans were begun to replace it; but opposition to the plan delayed progress until early 1871. The plans called for a new brick building to be constructed in what is now known as "Old Town", the original portion of Williamsport that was on the shores of the Wabash River. The firm of Hays and Evans of Bloomington, Illinois was awarded the job with a bid of $48,400. The county did not have sufficient funds for the project, so $10,000 worth of county bonds were issued. The new courthouse was accepted in December 1872.</p><br>
<p>In 1886 it was torn down and rebuilt as the third courthouse on the current site, in the newer portion of town that had developed because of the railroad. This courthouse had a 155-foot tower. Early on the morning of Sunday, January 20, 1907, the building caught fire and was largely destroyed, though most of the records were saved.</p><br>
<p>The current courthouse was designed by J. W. Royer of Urbana, Illinois and was constructed by Frank Jahn of Champaign, Illinois and L. N. Cope of Decatur, Illinois at a cost of $115,000. Following the fire of January 1907, construction of the new building was under way by October, during the term of Governor Frank Hanly. It was built primarily of stone, with stairs made of iron and marble. The county purchased two large brass cannons from the United States Government and placed them outside the building, where they still remain.</p><br>
<p>Cold Spring Farm, also known as Peter and Louisa Morton Farmstead, is a historic farmstead located in Todd Township, Fulton County, Pennsylvania. The property includes three contributing buildings: the main house , sandstone spring house  with a Queen Anne style second floor addition, and a sandstone slaughterhouse . The house is a two-story, five-bay, brick structure with a cross-gable roof and Palladian window. It features a wraparound porch with wide, overhanging eaves.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>The Joseph W. Podmore Building on the corner of Merchant and Alakea streets in Honolulu, Hawaii was built in 1902 by Joseph W. Podmore, an English sailor who did business in Honolulu during the early 1900s. He built it to rent out for retail and office use, initially to a tailor and a decorator on the ground floor and to the Mercantile Printing Company upstairs. At the time it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on 24 March 1983, the Bon-Bon Cafe was its principal tenant and the name by which the building was once better known.</p><br>
<p>In 1907, Peter Cushman Jones, the property owner, donated the land and building to the local Board of Missions, who used it as their headquarters until the Mission Memorial Building was constructed in 1916. Their monthly newspaper, The Friend, was published in the print shop upstairs. Other notable tenants include the Honolulu Advertiser and the original Honolulu office of DHL Air Cargo.</p><br>
<p>Built of dark, locally quarried lava rock in a simple Richardsonian Romanesque style, the only arch is above the side doorway on Merchant Street. The main entrance is on the corner, behind a stone column. Decorative elements include a stone balustrade along the roofline, lintels and sills of lighter stone on the second-story windows, stone bands of alternating sizes (8 and 16 inches), and light reddish mortar lines.</p><br>
<p>Mountain View Farm is a historic farm property in rural Yell County, Arkansas. It is located at the eastern end of County Road 218, south of Plainview. The main house is a two-story American Foursquare structure, built out of brick and covered by a hip roof. A two-story porch extends across the front, with spindled balustrades and exposed rafters. It was built in 1917 for Richard Tippy , and is one of the finest period farmhouses in the Plainview area.</p><br>
<p>The property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<p>Goshen Historic District is a historic district encompassing the town center village of Goshen, Connecticut. Centered at the junction of Connecticut Routes 4 and 63, the village developed historically as a rural crossroads of two turnpikes, and has retained its rural character. It is dominated by residential architecture from the first half of the 19th century, and includes churches, a store, and the town&#39;s former 1895 town hall. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<h2>Description and history</h2><br>
<p>The town of Goshen, located in the hills of northwestern Connecticut, was settled in the mid-18th century. Its village center, near its geographic center, grew following the development of the east-west turnpike between Torrington and Sharon (now Route 4), and the north-south turnpike between Litchfield and Canaan (now Route 63). The town has remained rural and agricultural in character, with limited industry. In the mid-19th century, the village economy was boosted by the success of Simon Scoville, a blacksmith who established a carriage factory. Scovilles factory has not survived (it was where the towns modern town hall/library/school complex is located, just north of the district), but a remnant iron furnace does survive. Scoville also built a number of modest Greek Revival worker houses.</p><br>
<p>The historic district extends mainly along Route 63, beginning at Lyman Lane in the south, and ending at the modern town hall complex in the north. It also extends east along Route 4. Historic buildings in the district include examples of Greek Revival, Federal, and Victorian architecture from as early as 1760. Its most prominent buildings are civic and religious in nature, including the Goshen Academy and the 1832 Goshen Congregational Church. The 1895 Old Town Hall, located at the main junction, is a distinctive example of Shingle style architecture. Other examples of Victorian architecture include the Lavallette-Perrin House, which is an eclectic blend of Greek and Gothic Revival elements.</p><br>
<p>GoshenHD MyronNortonHouse 562.jpgMyron Norton House</p><br>
<p>GoshenHD CongregationalChurch 551sm.jpg1832 Congregational Church</p><br>
<p>GoshenHD ElishaSillHouse 553.jpgElisha Sill House</p><br>
<p>GoshenHD DavidThompsonHouse 533.jpgDavid Thompson House, guarded by German shepherds</p><br>
<p>The District #6 Schoolhouse, also known locally as the Little Red Schoolhouse located in Brunswick, New York, United States, is a one-room schoolhouse built c. 1830 It was added to the National Register of Historic Places  on July 3, 2008 and a dedication ceremony for the accomplishment was held on June 12, 2009.</p><br>
<p>The building, located on New York Route 278, is still owned by Brunswick Central School District. It is believed to be one of the oldest remaining schoolhouses in Rensselaer County.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The schoolhouse was built either in 1830 or 1837—though sources disagree on which—and served as a local grade school for more than a century. It hosted children ranging from grade one to eight together in one classroom. The district was centered around Clums Corners and was originally designated District 11 until being renamed District 6 sometime between 1854 and 1862.</p><br>
<p>The structure was built on land donated by Luther and Olive Eddy, who owned a large tract of farmland adjacent to the current lot. Luther Eddy later became the first town superintendent for education in 1844.</p><br>
<p>After the consolidation of Brunswick Central School District in the 1950s, the school was closed. At one point, it was reopened for a year to accommodate the large student population on the new school&#39;s campus.</p><br>
<p>It was later used as a garage by the school district. The west wall was removed to accommodate vehicles. After that, it was used as a storage house by the district.</p><br>
<p>During the 1970s, the exterior of the building was restored by the local Kiwanis, including replacing the west wall which had been removed. The building was then used by the Brunswick Historical Society as a museum. By 2007, most of the interior was refurbished by donations of time and materials from local residents.</p><br>
<p>Beginning in the mid-2000s (decade), an effort was made by the Brunswick Town Historian to add the site to National Register of Historic Places. This would be the second former schoolhouse in the town to be listed on the NRHP, the Garfield School being the first. Following an interior restoration that was completed in 2007, the site was added to the register on July 3, 2008 as District No. 6 Schoolhouse.</p><br>
<p>The District #2 Schoolhouse, known locally as the Garfield School and also known as Brunswick District No. 2 School, located in Brunswick, New York, United States, is a two-room schoolhouse built and opened in 1881. It hosted local students until the consolidation of Brunswick  Central School District in the mid-1950s. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places  in 1988, becoming the first building in the Town of Brunswick to be added to the Register. It is the current home of the Brunswick Historical Society.</p><br>
<p>The building, located on the corner of Moonlawn Road and New York Route 2 (Brunswick Road), was owned by Brunswick Central School District until it was transferred to the Town of Brunswick in 1986. It was named for President James A. Garfield, who taught penmanship at a nearby school in Poestenkill.</p><br>
<p>__TOC__</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<p>The need for new school buildings in Brunswick became apparent when, in 1879, Edward Wait, the newly appointed district commissioner for that portion of Rensselaer County of which District #2 was part, lamented to the state superintendent of public education about the poor quality of many schools in his district, in addition to overcrowding in some. Within three years, ten new schoolhouses were built in his district, the Garfield School being one of them.</p><br>
<p>The planning of the school is well documented. Facing an enlarging student body (or possibly the prodding from the enthusiastic Commissioner Wait), the board of trustees voted on October 14, 1879 to have plans and specifications drawn up for a new schoolhouse. Reasons cited were for a growing student body and the current schoolhouse being in a "dilapidated condition". The board commissioned Nicholas Pawley, a carpenter from Poestenkill, to design the new building.</p><br>
<p>The fact that the design of the schoolhouse was commissioned is notable because most schoolhouses at the time were built based on templates found in architectural plan books. Most ended up as simple rectangular structures, made of wood or brick, with no distinguishing features. The Garfield School, on the other hand, was designed to be a beautiful addition to the town and become an icon of education.</p><br>
<p>The design was originally meant to be a two-room, two-story schoolhouse, but was eventually reconfigured to be a two-room, one-story building, with classrooms located side-by-side. The main building measures about 53.5 by. Each of the two classrooms is rectangular; they were originally separated by a sliding wall, which could be moved in the event of a large crowd or gathering. A vestibule used as a cloakroom juts out from the front about 8 ft; each classroom had its own entrance, which can still be seen in the photo shown above.</p><br>
<p>The construction contract was awarded to Joachim Filieau, who was a member of the board of trustees at the time. The designer, Pawley, had also bid for the construction of the building, but did not win the contract, probably because he had not been the low bidder. Filieau was also a local carpenter and built the schoolhouse to the specifications set forth by Pawley. Construction began during the summer of 1881 and finished in time for the beginning of the school year. The building cost $2,762 and was funded by a combination of taxes and four $500 bonds.</p><br>
<p>The design of the structure is notable because it was built to serve a purpose but also be architecturally and aesthetically pleasing. For example, the structure has a gabled roof and ornamental woodwork at the peaks of each gable, still there today, and visible in the photo above. Additionally, to avoid the perception of a horizontal, or "squat", building, Pawley also called for a cupola, which still exists today with its original weathervane. Also uncommon for the time, the building has a full basement.</p><br>
<p>The school eventually became known as the Garfield School, in recognition of President James A. Garfield, who taught penmanship at a nearby school in Poestenkill while attending Williams College in Massachusetts.</p><br>
<p>Sometime around 1920, an 8 ft addition was added to the back of the building to allow for internal plumbing, toilets, and sinks. This was added to conform with newly developed health standards, which required sanitary facilities in all public schools by September 1918. This was the only major addition to the structure over the course of its history.</p><br>
<p>Today the building is home to the Brunswick Historical Society. It was added to the NRHP in 1988, becoming the first listed building in the Town of Brunswick. Until 1986, it was owned by Brunswick Central School District, but was transferred to the Town of Brunswick that year, under the condition that the building only be used for educational purposes. The Brunswick Community Library opened in the building in 1986 and remained there until a new library building was opened further east on Brunswick Road in September 2009.</p><br>
<p>The Garfield School is considered the best-preserved two-room schoolhouse in Rensselaer County and has been used continuously since its opening. After school district consolidation in the 1950s, the building was still used by its home district at times of overcrowding and was used for BOCES classes for some time.</p><br>
<p>The Lightle House, a historic house at 605 Race Avenue in Searcy, Arkansas contains two stories, a full basement, and a full attic. Its brick facade attaches to a reinforced concrete foundation which supports a tile hip roof with 1924 Ludovici tiles. Designed by Charles L. Thompson, it has plans dated December 1923, so construction started in 1924 and continued until the Edward Lightle family moved into the house in April 1925, a date documented on the underside of a garden urn presently located under a wrought iron gazebo in the back yard.</p><br>
<p>The house is an elongated version of a somewhat standard Colonial Revival plan produced by Thompson and Harding, with a porte-cochere at one end, and an elaborate entry, with sidelight windows, and pilasters supporting an entablature and arced pediment. Though made to look original, the present back yard balcony is not original but replaced a rotted wood balcony added in 1996 when the house was renovated to serve as a bed & breakfast.</p><br>
<p>That renovation also enclosed the second floor sleeping porch. Presently, it has seven bedrooms, each with its own bathroom, as well as a commercial kitchen, two dining rooms, and three rooms used for office space.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1982.</p><br>
<p>The Leggett House in Merced, California, also known as Queen Anne Inn, is a historic house located at 352 W. 22nd St. in Merced, California. The house was built in the Queen Anne style of Victorian architecture. Its most prominent feature is the Witchs Cap on its roof, a cone-shaped turret with eight scalloped hips. The homes design also includes a steep shingle roof, gables on the porch and sides of the house, and horizontal shiplap and fish scale shingle siding on its first and second floors respectively. E. M. Herron, a local rancher, built the home in 1884; he later sold it to pioneer and Merced postmaster Thomas H. Leggett, who operated a jewelry store in the house&#39;s parlor.</p><br>
<p>The Leggett House was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 25, 1979. The Thomas H. Leggett House, another house in Merced owned by Leggett, is also listed on the National Register.</p><br>
<p>The Calumet Hotel in Wasta, South Dakota, United States—also known as Wasta Hotel or the Wasta Hotel and Meat Market—was built in 1908. It was expanded in 1920 and 1922. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.</p><br>
<p>By 1999 it had had seven owners, and it had served as a restaurant, as a boarding house, as a meeting place, as a meat market, and as a hotel. After it ceased operation as a hotel it was still used as a vacation home for annual family reunions held in Wasta. It is the largest building in Wasta&#39;s former business district.</p><br>
<p>Kibler High School is a historic high school building located at the city of Tonawanda in Erie County, New York. It was designed by the Buffalo architectural firm of Edward B. Green, & Sons and constructed in 1925 in the Classical Revival style. The exterior features a rusticated ground floor, central entrance pavilion with pilasters and pediment, an elaborately decorated cupola, and red tile hip roofs. The school was named for the president of the Tonawanda Board of Education in 1924, William J. Kibler. The building functioned as a school until 1983. The building was renovated as senior housing in the mid-2000s.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1999.</p><br>
<p>US Post Office-Tonawanda is a historic post office building located at Tonawanda in Erie County, New York, United States. It was designed and built 1939–1940, and is one of a number of post offices in New York State designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department under Louis A. Simon. The building is in the Colonial Revival style and features a central pavilion crowned by a cupola and flanked by end pavilions with gable roofs. The interior once featured a mural by Symeon Shimin, but it was removed and has disappeared. An addition to the north was added in 1964.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>The Tonawanda Armory is a historic armory originally built for the 25th Separate Company of the New York National Guard, and located in the city of Tonawanda in Erie County, New York. It is a brick and stone castle-like structure built in 1897, designed to be reminiscent of medieval military structures in Europe. It was designed by State architect of New York Isaac G. Perry.</p><br>
<p>It consists of a two-story, hip-roofed administration building with an attached -story, gable-roofed drill shed, spanning open space of 30,000 ft&sup2;. The building features a five-story octagonal tower at the southwest corner and a two-story round tower at the northwest corner.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1994. It is now privately owned and available for rental or tours.</p><br>
<p>The Kapuāiwa Building at 426 Queen Street in the Capital Historic District of Honolulu, Hawaii, was built in 1884, during the reign of Kalākaua, originally to provide fireproof safekeeping for government documents. It was named for Lot Kapuāiwa, who had reigned as Kamehameha V, and its architect, George Lucas, employed an Italianate Renaissance revival style that matched that of the other Hawaiian Monarchy buildings of that period. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on 2 July 1973.</p><br>
<p>Built of rusticated concrete blocks, it is two stories high, with a flat roof and a recessed central entrance on the Queen Street side. The arched windows have keystones on the ground floor and dripstones on the upper level, and the roofline is decorated with a cornice and balustrade. In 1930, a new wing and entry corridor were added and the interior was renovated.</p><br>
<p>US Post Office—North Tonawanda is a historic post office building located at North Tonawanda in Niagara County, New York. It was designed and built in 1912, and is one of the number of post offices in New York State designed by the Office of the Supervising Architect of the Treasury Department, Oscar Wenderoth. The two story building is in the Classical Revival style and features a colossal central portico with two pairs of coupled columns resting on granite pedestals and an elegant domed cupola. Note: This includes</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1989.</p><br>
<p>The Denison House is a historic house at 427 Garland Avenue in West Helena, Arkansas. It is a single-story brick structure with a broad and shallow hip roof with wide hip-roof dormers, built in 1910 by J. W. Denison, West Helenas first mayor. It has a wraparound porch supported by Tuscan columns. It is one of West Helenas finest Colonial Revival houses.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1996.</p><br>
<p>The Carnegie Library in North Tonawanda, New York is a historic Carnegie library building designed and built in 1903 with funds provided by the philanthropist Andrew Carnegie. It is in Niagara County, New York, and one of 3,000 Carnegie libraries constructed between 1885 and 1919, including 107 in New York State.</p><br>
<p>Carnegie provided $20,000 toward the construction of the North Tonawanda Library. It is a low one-story brick structure with a basement in the Classical Revival style. The interior features wood paneling, elaborate plaster moldings and trim, mosaic tile floors, and a large stained glass skylight.</p><br>
<p>The building functioned as a library until 1976 when it became home to the Carnegie Art Center of the Tonawandas&#39; Council on the Arts.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995.</p><br>
<p>The Mayo House is a historic house at 302 Elm Street in Marvell, Arkansas. It is a -story wood-frame structure, clad in novelty siding, with a dormered hip roof. It was built in 1917 by H. B. Mayo, the developer of this residential subdivision, and occupied by his family 1917–20. The house is a locally distinctive rendition of Colonial Revival styling, with some Craftsman features. The east-facing front has a full-width single-story porch which wraps around to the north side, and is supported by seven fluted metal columns.</p><br>
<p>The house was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.</p><br>
<p>Herschell Carousel Factory Museum is a historic carousel factory building located at North Tonawanda in Niagara County, New York. The factory complex was constructed between about 1910 and 1915 and consists of six primary structures and five contributory additions. The primary structures are: the Mill Building , Carving and Pattern shop , Paint Shop and Storage Building , Roundhouse , Machine Shop , and Assembly and Testing Building . Also on the property is the Special Number One Three Abreast portable carousel, built in 1916.</p><br>
<p>At one time four carousel builders operated in North Tonawanda. The Allan Herschell Company, and its predecessor the Herschell-Spillman Company, was the most notable of them and operated from 1876 to 1959. The company produced wooden carousels into the 1930s. The Allan Herschell Company also built other amusement devices. Kiddielands were specialized parks for children, which included rides such as Kiddie boats and helicopters. Starting in the 1930&#39;, the company began building adult rides, such as the "Twister," the "Hurricane" and the "Sky Wheel," a double Ferris wheel nearly 90 feet tall.</p><br>
<p>It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1985 as the Allan Herschell Carousel Factory.</p><br>
<p>The museum occupies the original Herschell factory site on Thompson Street. It was first open to the general public in 1984, with a full operational carousel from 1916. Renovations included reconstruction of the original roundhouse and roof repairs. Other projects included restoring the original office building into an Education Center, and developing the Kiddieland Testing Park.</p><br>
<p>The first floor of the factory has been opened up to provide exhibits and demonstrations. These areas are split into: The Carving Floor; The Wurlitzer Music Department; The Paint Shop; The Jeanette E. Jones Childrens Gallery; The Roundhouse; and The Loading Dock. Two operating carousels give visitors first hand experience of the magical ride and authentic band organ music. The Jeanette E. Jones Childrens Gallery presents interactive learning activities, and is available for rentals. Different programs are offered, such as woodcarving of various skill levels, guided tours, and a summer lecture series.</p><br>
<p>The Wurlitzer Music Department is home to over 10 historic band organs and features the only functioning Wurlitzer Perforator still in existence. The museum still operates this equipment and produces band organ rolls from Wurlitzer&#39;s rolls list.</p><br>
<p>The museum also has an award winning education department, including winning the 2016 Hodgson Russ Excellence in Collaboration Award. The museum currently offers virtual and in-person educational programs for schools, after school programs, and youth organizations. The offerings vary in subject, from lessons on the history of the Erie Canal to physics on the Carousel.</p><br>
<p>The Phillips County Courthouse is located at 622 Cherry Street in Helena-West Helena, the county seat of Phillips County, Arkansas. This 2.5 story municipal building has served as the county courthouse since 1915.</p><br>
<h2>History</h2><br>
<h3>Previous Court Houses</h3><br>
<p>The original Phillips County Courthouse was a two story log structure in Helena. This was replaced with a two-story frame building in 1847, which was located on the southeast corner of Ohio and Porter Streets. This building was burned in a fire that took out most of the commercial district in 1861. The third courthouse was constructed in 1869, located on the northwest corner of Franklin and Market Streets. This two-story building sat on a hill overlooking the town, and had a tower with space for a clock and bell, but one was never installed. This building was demolished in 1914 when the present courthouse was opened.</p><br>
<h3>Construction</h3><br>
<p>In October, 1911, the Quorum Court of Phillips County appropriated $10,000 for the purpose of building a new courthouse and jail for the County. In July 1913, Frank W. Gibb of Little Rock, Arkansas completed his design of the building. L. R. Wright and Company of Dallas, Texas (their low bid being $249,000.00), built the courthouse, and construction was completed on June 14, 1915. The two entrances on the northern and eastern façades feature striking Corinthian columns that are painted white. They are built into matching white walls that stand as a stark contrast to the largely maroon-colored brick building. Other Classical features include a decorative frieze and elevated entrances.</p><br>
<h3>Elaine Massacre of 1919</h3><br>
<p>The most prominent legal cases heard in the building were the series of trials following the Elaine Massacre, the bloodiest race riot in Arkansas history. In October 1919, the Phillips County Sheriff moved 285 inmates, all African American, into the county jail that stood at that time at the eastern façade of the courthouse. (The jail has since been moved offsite.) Phillips County deputies tortured many of the inmates inside the jail section and on the roof, and prosecutors ultimately charged 122 people, all African American, with various crimes. Phillips County Judge J. M. Jackson presided over the trial and appointed white attorneys for the defendants. The famous Elaine Twelve received death sentences at the Phillips County Courthouse but ultimately were released due to controversial errors in the trial.</p><br>
<h2>Building Description</h2><br>
<p>It is a rectangular brick structure, designed by architect Frank W. Gibb and built in 1914. It is Classical Revival in style, with two full stories above a raised basement, and a flat roof. Its most prominent feature is a series of engaged fluted Corinthian columns, two stories in height, which line three sides of the building. Its interior has ornate woodwork and plasterwork that is in excellent condition.</p><br>
<p>The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1977.</p><br>
<h2>Spirit of the American Doughboy Statue</h2><br>
<p>The Spirit of the American Doughboy Monument in Helena-West Helena is a memorial sculpture erected at the intersection of Cherry and Porter Street, directly northwest of the Phillips County Courthouse, following World War I to honor Arkansas servicemen who fought and died in the war. The statue was created by artist E. M. Viquesney, and was dedicated on July 10, 1927.</p><br>
